Question 1
Which exchange rate should I check?
It depends on the transaction. The official BCB rate is the official institutional quotation. The BCB referential rate is a separate institutional reference based on financial-system operations. The estimated parallel/P2P rate is a non-official market signal.
Keep the three sources separate. Confirm whether you need a buy or sell value, which date applies, and which source your bank, provider, exchange house, platform, or counterparty actually uses.